In the landscape of disability rights and advocacy, one significant piece of legislation stands out for its powerful message and lasting impact—Rosa’s Law. But why is Rosa’s Law so important? The answer lies not just in what the law changes on paper, but in how it reshapes societal attitudes and affirms the dignity of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities.

​Why Is Rosa’s Law So Important?
Rosa’s Law, passed in 2010, required the removal of the term “mental retardation” from federal health, education, and labor policy, replacing it with the more respectful and appropriate phrase “individual with an intellectual disability.” Named after Rosa Marcellino, a young girl with Down syndrome who, with her family, advocated for this change, the law marked a turning point in how language shapes perception.
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Here’s why Rosa’s Law matters so deeply:

• Language Reflects Respect
  Words carry weight. The outdated term “mental retardation” had become a slur, often used in derogatory or mocking ways. By replacing it with “intellectual disability,” Rosa’s Law helped affirm the humanity and worth of individuals who had too long been spoken about in stigmatizing terms.
• It Sets a Precedent for Inclusion
  The law wasn’t just a linguistic update—it was a declaration that people with disabilities deserve to be seen and described with dignity. This change paved the way for more inclusive language in both public policy and everyday life.
• It Was a Victory Driven by Youth and Family
  Rosa’s Law is a powerful example of how advocacy, even from a young person and their family, can lead to national legislative change. It continues to inspire other families and communities to speak up for respect and rights.
• It Promotes Awareness and Sensitivity
  Beyond policy, Rosa’s Law opened doors to deeper conversations about how we treat individuals with disabilities—in schools, workplaces, healthcare, and media. Awareness is the first step toward real inclusion.

​Empowering Communities Through Advocacy and Support
Organizations like the Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida (PASWFL) reflect the same spirit of advocacy and support that Rosa’s Law represents. While Parkinson’s disease is different from intellectual disabilities, both communities face challenges related to dignity, quality of life, and public understanding.

For over twenty-five years, PASWFL has provided effective programs and services that improve the quality of life, educate, enrich, and empower our Southwest Floridians touched by Parkinson’s disease and related neurological conditions.

Each week, PASWFL offers more than 25 free programs and support groups for individuals with Parkinson’s and their care partners. These include movement classes, educational workshops, wellness programs, and more.

There are no fees to become a member. You can join or learn more through their website at www.parkinsonassociationswfl.org
👉 Click here to sign up for their newsletter
👉 Click here to become a free member today

Respect begins with language—and with action. Rosa’s Law reminds us that even a single word change can be a giant leap forward for equality.

One of the most common and pressing questions for those affected by Parkinson’s disease (PD) is: Why is there no cure for Parkinson's disease? Despite decades of research, scientific advances, and new treatments, a definitive cure for this complex neurological condition remains elusive. Understanding why can offer clarity—and hope—for ongoing progress.

Why Is There No Cure for Parkinson's Disease?
Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects movement. It occurs when dopamine-producing neurons in a specific area of the brain (the substantia nigra) gradually die off. Dopamine is a critical neurotransmitter that helps regulate movement, mood, and more. While the core cause seems simple—dopamine cell loss—the underlying mechanisms are anything but.

Here are a few key reasons why a cure is still out of reach:

• The Cause Is Still Unclear
  In most cases, the root cause of PD remains unknown. While some genetic mutations have been identified in a small percentage of patients, the vast majority of cases are idiopathic (without a known cause). Environmental factors, aging, and genetic predisposition may all play a role, but the exact interactions are still being studied.
• It’s a Multifactorial Disease
  Parkinson’s isn’t just one disease—it presents differently from person to person and progresses at varying rates. In addition to motor symptoms like tremors and stiffness, PD can involve sleep problems, depression, anxiety, and cognitive decline. This variability makes it difficult to design a one-size-fits-all cure.
• Brain Cell Regeneration Is Limited
  The central nervous system has a limited capacity to regenerate. Once dopamine-producing neurons are lost, the body doesn’t naturally replace them. Current treatments like levodopa help replenish dopamine, but they don’t stop or reverse the progression of the disease.
• Challenges in Early Detection
  By the time PD symptoms appear, significant damage has already occurred in the brain. Earlier detection would allow for interventions before irreversible loss, but current diagnostics are limited and mostly based on symptoms, not predictive biomarkers.
• Curing the Brain Is Inherently Complex
  The human brain is one of the most intricate and least understood organs. Developing a cure for any brain disorder, especially one involving multiple systems and symptoms like PD, is a massive scientific challenge.

Hope Through Support and Research
Although there is no cure yet, advancements in research and supportive care continue to improve quality of life for people with Parkinson’s. Organizations like the Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida (PASWFL) play a vital role in this journey.

For over twenty-five years, PASWFL has provided effective programs and services that improve the quality of life, educate, enrich, and empower Southwest Floridians touched by Parkinson’s and related neurological diseases.

Each week, PASWFL offers more than 25 free programs and support groups for individuals with Parkinson’s and their care partners—from movement classes to education and wellness resources.

There are no fees to become a member. You can join or learn more through their website at www.parkinsonassociationswfl.org
👉 Click here to sign up for their newsletter
👉 Click here to become a free member today

Bradykinesia literally means “slow movement,” but the condition goes beyond just moving slowly. It involves a general slowness of voluntary movement and a noticeable reduction in automatic movements. People with bradykinesia often feel like their body is not responding as quickly as their mind expects.

Here are the key symptoms:

• Slow Movement
  The most obvious symptom is a significant reduction in the speed of motion. This can affect walking, talking, writing, and other daily tasks.
• Difficulty Initiating Movements
  A common and frustrating symptom is “freezing,” or hesitation in starting a movement. For example, someone might struggle to take the first step when walking or have difficulty beginning to stand up from a chair.
• Reduced Facial Expression (Facial Masking)
  Individuals may appear less expressive, with a flat or emotionless face due to decreased movement of facial muscles.
• Shuffling Walk
  Steps become shorter and slower, with the feet barely leaving the ground. Arm swing may also be reduced while walking.
• Soft or Monotonous Speech
  Bradykinesia can affect the vocal cords, leading to quiet or monotone speech that lacks natural variation.
• Reduced Dexterity
  Tasks that require fine motor skills, such as buttoning a shirt or handwriting, may become difficult and slow.
• Fatigue and Muscle Weakness
  Because movements are harder to initiate and maintain, individuals may tire more quickly, further slowing activity.

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Bradykinesia varies in severity and can fluctuate throughout the day, especially in response to medication timing. It's often one of the reasons people with Parkinson’s experience difficulties with daily routines and may need support or assistive devices.

Support Is Available at the Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida
If you or a loved one are experiencing symptoms like bradykinesia, you’re not alone—and help is available. For over twenty-five years, the Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida (PASWFL) has provided effective programs and services that improve the quality of life, educate, enrich, and empower our Southwest Floridians touched by Parkinson’s and related neurological diseases.

Each week, PASWFL offers more than 25 free programs and support groups for members with PD and their care partners. These include movement classes, education sessions, caregiver support, and community-building opportunities.

There are no fees to become a member. You can join or learn more through their website at www.parkinsonassociationswfl.org
👉 Click here to learn more and sign up for their newsletter
👉 Click here to become a free member today

Tremors are one of the most recognized symptoms associated with neurological conditions, but not all tremors are the same. A common question many people ask is: What is the difference between Parkinson’s and essential tremors? While both involve involuntary shaking, especially in the hands, they are distinct in their causes, symptoms, and treatments.

Understanding Essential Tremors vs. Parkinson’s Disease
Essential Tremor (ET) is a neurological disorder that primarily causes rhythmic shaking, most often in the hands, but it can also affect the head, voice, and other parts of the body. ET is considered a movement disorder and tends to run in families, suggesting a genetic component.

Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a progressive neurological condition that affects movement, balance, and coordination. Tremors are a common symptom, but PD also includes muscle stiffness, slow movements (bradykinesia), and postural instability.

What Is the Difference Between Parkinson’s and Essential Tremors?
While they may appear similar, there are key differences:

• Timing of Tremors:
  • Essential Tremor: Shaking occurs during voluntary movement, such as eating or writing.
  • Parkinson’s Disease: Tremors typically happen at rest, and may decrease with purposeful movement.
• Location of Tremors:
  • ET: Usually affects both hands symmetrically, and may extend to the head or voice.
  • PD: Often begins on one side of the body, commonly in one hand, and may progress asymmetrically.
• Associated Symptoms:
  • ET: Rarely includes other symptoms beyond the tremor.
  • PD: Includes slow movement, rigid muscles, shuffling walk, and facial masking.
• Progression:
  • ET: Can progress slowly but doesn’t typically lead to serious disability.
  • PD: Is a degenerative disease that can lead to significant motor and non-motor complications over time.
• Response to Medication:
  • ET: Often responds to beta-blockers or anti-seizure medications.
  • PD: Treated with medications like Levodopa/Carbidopa, which increase dopamine in the brain.

Importance of Accurate Diagnosis
Because tremors can look similar in the early stages, a thorough neurological evaluation is essential. Movement disorder specialists use clinical exams, medical history, and in some cases, brain imaging, to distinguish between the two conditions.
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Getting the right diagnosis means accessing the right care—and that’s where support organizations can make all the difference.


Support and Resources from PASWFL
For over twenty-five years, the Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida (PASWFL) has provided effective programs and services to improve quality of life, educate, enrich, and empower those touched by PD and related neurological diseases. Each week, PASWFL offers more than 25 free programs and support groups for members with PD and their care partners.

There are no fees to become a member. You can join or learn more through their website at www.parkinsonassociationswfl.org
To stay informed and connected:
👉 Click here to sign up for their newsletter
👉 Click here to become a free member

Parkinson’s disease is the most well-known form of parkinsonism, but it’s not the only one. A less commonly discussed but equally important condition is secondary parkinsonism. So, what causes secondary parkinsonism, and how is it different from primary Parkinson’s disease?

What Causes Secondary Parkinsonism?
Secondary parkinsonism refers to a group of conditions that present with similar motor symptoms to Parkinson’s disease—such as tremor, rigidity, slowness of movement, and balance problems—but are triggered by external or identifiable causes rather than by the neurodegenerative process that defines classic Parkinson’s disease.

Here are the most common causes of secondary parkinsonism:

1. Medications
Some drugs, particularly antipsychotics (used for mental health conditions like schizophrenia) and certain anti-nausea medications, can block dopamine receptors in the brain. This mimics the dopamine deficiency seen in Parkinson’s disease and leads to parkinsonian symptoms. In many cases, symptoms improve once the medication is discontinued.
2. Toxins
Exposure to certain environmental toxins and chemicals—such as carbon monoxide, manganese, and some pesticides—has been linked to secondary parkinsonism. These substances can damage the brain's dopamine-producing neurons.
3. Head Trauma
Repeated head injuries, especially those seen in contact sports or traumatic accidents, can lead to brain damage that mimics Parkinson’s symptoms. This condition is sometimes seen in former athletes and is referred to as post-traumatic parkinsonism.
4. Stroke
When strokes occur in parts of the brain that control movement—particularly the basal ganglia—they can cause vascular parkinsonism. This condition may not always respond to Parkinson’s medications and tends to affect the lower body more than the upper body.
5. Brain Infections and Other Neurological Disorders
Infections such as encephalitis (inflammation of the brain) or diseases like Wilson’s disease (a rare genetic disorder affecting copper metabolism) can cause symptoms of parkinsonism.
6. Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH)
This condition involves an abnormal buildup of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain, causing walking difficulties, dementia, and urinary incontinence. NPH is often misdiagnosed as Parkinson’s but requires different treatment.
​
Unlike primary Parkinson’s disease, which is progressive and without a known single cause, secondary parkinsonism has identifiable causes and may be reversible or manageable if treated early and appropriately.
​

Support and Resources from PASWFL
Whether you’re living with Parkinson’s disease or secondary parkinsonism, support and education are essential. The Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida (PASWFL) has served the community for over 25 years by offering free, effective programs and services designed to improve quality of life for those affected by Parkinson’s and related neurological disorders.

Each week, PASWFL hosts more than 25 free programs and support groups for individuals with Parkinson’s and their care partners. Membership is completely free, and anyone affected by PD or related conditions is encouraged to join and take part.
​
For more information, visit www.parkinsonassociationswfl.org.

• Click here to sign up for PASWFL’s free e-newsletter.
• Click here to become a free member today.

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition that primarily affects movement, but can also impact mood, cognition, and other non-motor functions. A common and hopeful question many patients and families ask is: Can Parkinson’s go into remission?

Understanding the nature of the disease and what remission means in this context is key to managing expectations and exploring strategies for better quality of life.

Can Parkinson’s Go Into Remission?
In the traditional medical sense, Parkinson’s disease does not go into remission. Unlike some illnesses such as certain cancers or autoimmune diseases, where remission can mean a complete or temporary disappearance of symptoms, Parkinson’s is a chronic, progressive condition. This means the disease generally advances over time, and currently, there is no cure that halts or reverses its underlying neurodegenerative processes.

However, some people with Parkinson’s do experience periods where their symptoms improve or stabilize. These temporary improvements can result from optimized treatment, lifestyle changes, physical activity, and other supportive therapies. While not remission in the strictest medical definition, these episodes can feel like a “remission” to those experiencing better mobility, less tremor, or improved mood and energy.
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There have also been rare cases where people report long-term improvements after specific interventions, such as deep brain stimulation or lifestyle overhauls. Yet these are exceptions, not the rule, and more research is needed to understand why this occurs in some individuals and not others.

Living Well With Parkinson’s Despite the Lack of Remission
Although Parkinson’s doesn’t go into remission in the classic sense, many people live fulfilling, meaningful lives by actively managing their condition. Treatment plans often include a combination of medication (such as carbidopa-levodopa), exercise, physical therapy, speech therapy, and psychological support. In fact, regular physical activity has been shown to slow progression and significantly improve symptoms in many individuals.

For residents of Southwest Florida, support is close to home. The Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida (PASWFL) has been providing effective programs and services for over 25 years. These programs aim to educate, enrich, and empower individuals and families touched by Parkinson’s disease and related neurological conditions.

Each week, PASWFL offers:

• More than 25 free programs and support groups
• Resources for both individuals with Parkinson’s and their care partners
• No-cost access to educational, wellness, and therapeutic activities

Membership is free and open to all who are affected by Parkinson’s in the region.
Join the Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida Community
If you or someone you love is navigating Parkinson’s disease, don’t do it alone. PASWFL offers a caring and knowledgeable community to help you live your best life, even in the absence of a cure.

• Click here to sign up for their free newsletter.
• Click here to become a member at no cost.

For more information, visit www.parkinsonassociationswfl.org.

When it comes to neurological conditions like Parkinson’s disease, people often wonder about the role of lifestyle factors in the development or progression of the condition. One of the most commonly asked questions is: Can stress cause Parkinson’s?

​While stress is known to impact overall health in many ways, its direct link to causing Parkinson’s disease is still being explored

Can Stress Cause Parkinson’s?
To answer this question directly: There is no scientific evidence that stress causes Parkinson’s disease. Parkinson’s is a neurodegenerative disorder primarily caused by the loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain, particularly in an area called the substantia nigra. The exact reason why these neurons deteriorate is still unclear, but genetics and environmental factors are believed to play a role.

That said, stress can play a significant role in how Parkinson’s symptoms are experienced and managed. People living with Parkinson’s often report that their symptoms—such as tremors, stiffness, and anxiety—worsen during periods of emotional or physical stress. Chronic stress can impact brain health and exacerbate inflammation, which may influence disease progression, though it is not a proven cause.
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In animal studies, chronic stress has been shown to affect dopamine levels and increase vulnerability in dopamine-producing neurons. While this does not prove causation in humans, it suggests that managing stress is still an essential aspect of living well with Parkinson’s disease.

Managing Stress and Parkinson’s Disease
Although stress doesn't cause Parkinson’s, managing stress effectively is crucial for people with Parkinson’s. Stress can aggravate motor and non-motor symptoms, increase fatigue, disrupt sleep, and affect overall quality of life. That’s why building strong support systems, incorporating physical activity, mindfulness, and staying socially connected are so important.

This is where organizations like the Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida (PASWFL) make a tremendous impact. For more than 25 years, PASWFL has offered free programs and services that improve quality of life and empower individuals and families affected by Parkinson’s and related neurological diseases.

Each week, PASWFL provides:

• Over 25 free support groups and wellness programs
• Resources for managing symptoms and reducing stress
• Opportunities for connection and education for both individuals with PD and their care partners

Their services are completely free, and becoming a member is simple and accessible. Whether it’s through movement classes, support sessions, or mindfulness programs, PASWFL offers meaningful tools for reducing stress and enhancing well-being.
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Join the Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida Community
If you or a loved one is living with Parkinson’s disease in Southwest Florida, consider joining PASWFL’s supportive community. Together, you can take steps to manage stress and live well with Parkinson’s.

• Click here to sign up for the PASWFL newsletter.
• Click here to become a member for free today.

For more information, visit www.parkinsonassociationswfl.org.

A Parkinson’s diagnosis can bring up many questions, but one of the most common—and most personal—is: How long can you live with Parkinson’s disease? It’s a question rooted in concern, hope, and the need for clarity.
​Thankfully, with early detection, proper treatment, and supportive care, many people with Parkinson’s live full and meaningful lives for many years after diagnosis.

How Long Can You Live with Parkinson’s?
Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurological condition, meaning it develops and changes over time. However, it is not considered a fatal disease. Most people with Parkinson’s live for many years—often decades—after diagnosis. On average, research suggests that life expectancy for individuals with Parkinson’s is only slightly reduced compared to the general population, especially when diagnosed after the age of 60.

That said, life expectancy can vary depending on several factors, including:
​Age at onset: Those diagnosed at a younger age generally live longer.

• Overall health: Coexisting medical conditions can influence outcomes.
• Access to care: Regular medical management, physical therapy, and community support greatly improve quality of life and long-term health.
• Type of Parkinsonism: People with atypical Parkinsonian syndromes (like multiple system atrophy or progressive supranuclear palsy) may experience a faster progression and a different life expectancy compared to those with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease.

Living Well with Parkinson’s: It’s Possible
Although Parkinson’s is a chronic condition, it is manageable. Medication, physical activity, mental health support, and a strong support network can help those with Parkinson’s maintain their independence and well-being for many years.

This is where organizations like the Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida (PASWFL) make a significant difference. For over twenty-five years, PASWFL has been a trusted resource for those living with Parkinson’s and related neurological conditions.
​
They offer:

• Over 25 free weekly programs for individuals with Parkinson’s and their care partners
• Educational resources on managing symptoms and understanding the disease
• Support groups that reduce isolation and offer hope
• A welcoming and inclusive community focused on empowerment and enrichment

There are no fees to become a member, and the programs are open to all residents of Southwest Florida touched by Parkinson’s disease.

Join the PASWFL Community
The journey with Parkinson’s doesn’t have to be faced alone. With the right resources, tools, and people by your side, it is possible to live well and find joy and connection every day.

• Click here to sign up for the PASWFL newsletter and stay informed.
• Click here to become a member for free and access the support you deserve.

For more information about programs and services, visit www.parkinsonassociationswfl.org.

When managing Parkinson’s disease, medications like levodopa/carbidopa (often known by the brand name Sinemet) are critical in controlling symptoms. But did you know that what you eat can significantly affect how well these medications work?

​One of the most frequently asked questions by people living with Parkinson’s is: What foods should you eat with levodopa carbidopa? Understanding the answer can make a real difference in symptom control and overall well-being.

What Foods Should You Eat with Levodopa Carbidopa?
Levodopa is the gold standard for treating the motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. However, it competes with dietary protein for absorption in the digestive system and for transport to the brain. That’s why timing your meals and choosing the right foods is essential for optimizing the medication’s effectiveness.

1. Low-Protein Meals Around Medication Times
One of the most important tips is to take levodopa/carbidopa on an empty stomach or with a low-protein snack, such as dry toast, applesauce, or fruit. This helps ensure that the medication is absorbed efficiently without interference from protein.
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Try to avoid high-protein meals (like meat, cheese, and eggs) at the same time as taking your medication. Instead, schedule higher-protein meals later in the day, once your medication has had a chance to take effect.

2. Hydration and Fiber Are Key
Levodopa can sometimes cause constipation, a common issue for people with Parkinson’s. Including high-fiber foods like vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and legumes, along with plenty of water, can help keep your digestive system moving.

3. Foods That Help with Side Effects
Some people experience nausea when first starting levodopa/carbidopa. Ginger tea, plain crackers, or eating small, frequent meals may ease that discomfort. Always talk to your doctor before making dietary changes if you experience side effects.
​
4. Watch for Vitamin Deficiencies
Long-term levodopa use can lower vitamin B6, B12, and folate levels, which are vital for nerve function. Consider incorporating foods rich in these vitamins—like leafy greens, fortified cereals, and lean meats—or ask your healthcare provider about supplements.

Nutrition and Support Go Hand-in-Hand
Living with Parkinson’s is about more than just medication—it’s about support, education, and community. The Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida (PASWFL) has been helping individuals and families live well with Parkinson’s for over 25 years.

PASWFL offers:

• More than 25 free wellness programs and support groups each week
• Expert-led education on nutrition, medication, and symptom management
• A compassionate community of members and care partners

And the best part? Membership is completely free.
Visit www.parkinsonassociationswfl.org to learn more about their evidence-based programs designed to enrich and empower those affected by Parkinson’s and related neurological conditions.

Ready to Take the Next Step?
​There are no fees to become a member, and the application is available online.

• Click here to sign up for the PASWFL newsletter.
• Click here to join PASWFL for free and gain access to their full range of support services.

​Good nutrition and community support can help you get the most out of your Parkinson’s treatment—starting with what you eat alongside levodopa/carbidopa.

In recent years, several new drugs have gained attention for their ability to manage Parkinson’s symptoms more effectively or to address underlying causes of the disease. One of the newest FDA-approved drugs is istradefylline (Nourianz), a novel add-on treatment that targets the brain’s adenosine A2A receptors. It's used in combination with levodopa/carbidopa to help reduce “off” episodes — times when medication effects wear off and symptoms return.

Another noteworthy development is opicapone (Ongentys), a once-daily COMT (catechol-O-methyltransferase) inhibitor that also reduces “off” time in people taking levodopa. Its convenient dosing and favorable side effect profile make it a useful option for many patients.

On the cutting edge, gene therapy and disease-modifying treatments are in clinical trials. These therapies aim not just to relieve symptoms but to slow or halt the progression of Parkinson’s at the cellular level. For example, PT320, a sustained-release formulation of exenatide, is under investigation for its potential neuroprotective effects.

Although these new drugs and therapies represent exciting progress, it’s important to remember that treatment must be personalized. What works well for one person may not work for another, so it’s essential to work closely with a neurologist or movement disorder specialist to tailor a care plan.

Beyond Medication: Support Is Essential
New drug therapies can improve daily life, but medication alone isn’t enough. People with Parkinson’s disease need access to education, community support, and wellness programs. That’s where the Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida (PASWFL) plays a vital role.

For over twenty-five years, PASWFL has provided free programs and services that improve the quality of life, educate, enrich, and empower Southwest Floridians touched by PD and related neurological diseases. Each week, the organization offers more than 25 free programs and support groups for people living with Parkinson’s and their care partners. These include exercise classes, speech therapy, wellness education, and much more.

Membership  is completely free, and applying is easy via our website at www.parkinsonassociationswfl.org.

• Click here to sign up for the PASWFL newsletter and stay informed about the latest in Parkinson’s treatment, research, and local events.
• Click here to become a PASWFL member for free and access valuable resources and support.

Staying informed and connected can make all the difference. As the search for a cure continues, organizations like PASWFL remain a cornerstone of hope and strength for those facing Parkinson’s disease.

Is There an Alternative to Sinemet?
Yes, there are several alternatives to Sinemet, including other medications and treatment strategies. While Sinemet remains the “gold standard” for treating Parkinson’s symptoms, it is not the only option. The best alternative depends on each person’s specific needs, stage of disease, and response to treatment

Non-Medication Alternatives
In addition to drug therapy, some individuals explore Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS)—a surgical option where electrodes are implanted in specific parts of the brain to help regulate abnormal activity. DBS is generally reserved for those with advanced Parkinson’s who have become less responsive to medications.

Exercise, physical therapy, nutrition, and mindfulness strategies are also powerful tools to complement medication and improve overall quality of life.

Support and Guidance from PASWFL
Choosing the right treatment plan—whether it includes Sinemet or an alternative—requires education, support, and often, the guidance of a movement disorder specialist. That’s where the Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida (PASWFL) comes in.

For more than 25 years, PASWFL has empowered individuals and families impacted by Parkinson’s disease through effective, free programs and services. Each week, they offer over 25 classes and support groups for people with PD and their care partners—helping them stay informed, active, and connected.
​
Membership is completely free, and applying is easy via their website at www.parkinsonassociationswfl.org.

• Click here to sign up for the newsletter.
• Click here to become a free member.

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is widely known for its progressive nature, causing symptoms like tremors, muscle stiffness, and difficulty with movement. However, many people newly diagnosed or concerned about symptoms often ask, “Is there a mild form of Parkinson’s?”
​
The answer is yes—Parkinson’s can begin with mild symptoms that may remain manageable for a significant period, especially with early diagnosis, appropriate treatment, and strong support systems.

Is There a Mild Form of Parkinson's?
In the early stages, Parkinson’s disease can indeed present in a mild form. This phase is often referred to as early-stage Parkinson’s, and it may involve only subtle or minimal symptoms that do not yet interfere significantly with daily life.

Recognizing Mild Parkinson’s Symptoms
Mild Parkinson’s symptoms can be so subtle that they may be mistaken for normal aging or overlooked entirely. Some of the early signs include:

• Slight tremor in one hand, especially at rest
• Mild stiffness or slow movement (bradykinesia)
• Changes in posture or balance
• Reduced facial expression or softening of the voice
• Small handwriting (micrographia)
• Subtle changes in walking pattern

At this stage, symptoms are typically unilateral—affecting only one side of the body. While mild Parkinson’s does not progress at a uniform rate in every person, early diagnosis is crucial because it allows for earlier interventions that can improve long-term outcomes.

Managing Mild Parkinson’s Disease
Although there is currently no cure for Parkinson’s disease, treatment can be highly effective—especially when started in the early stages. Medications like carbidopa-levodopa or dopamine agonists can help control symptoms, and incorporating exercise and healthy lifestyle choices may also slow the progression of the disease.

Support groups, speech therapy, physical therapy, and regular check-ins with neurologists or movement disorder specialists are all vital parts of comprehensive care. Even in mild cases, building a support network makes a meaningful difference.

Empowering Support from PASWFL
Whether you’re newly diagnosed or have lived with Parkinson’s for years, having a strong support system is essential. The Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida (PASWFL) has been offering unwavering support to our local community for over twenty-five years.

Each week, PASWFL provides more than 25 free programs and support groups tailored for individuals with Parkinson’s and their care partners. These programs help educate, enrich, and empower participants at every stage of their journey—from those with mild symptoms to those managing more advanced disease.

There are no fees to become a PASWFL member, and the membership application is quick and accessible online. To learn more about how PASWFL can support you or a loved one, visit our website: 
 www.parkinsonassociationswfl.org.

• Click here to sign up for their newsletter
• Click here to join PASWFL as a free member

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Don’t face Parkinson’s alone—early support can make a powerful impact, even in the mildest form of the disease.
​

When symptoms like tremors, stiffness, or slowed movement arise, many people wonder: How is Parkinson’s disease diagnosed? Unlike some medical conditions that can be confirmed with a single blood test or scan, diagnosing Parkinson’s disease (PD) involves a combination of clinical evaluations, medical history, and observation.

​The process can be both challenging and detailed, as early symptoms may be subtle or overlap with other neurological conditions

How Is Parkinson's Disease Diagnosed?
Parkinson’s disease is primarily diagnosed through a clinical neurological examination. This means there’s no definitive lab test or imaging scan that can confirm the condition—at least not in the early stages. Here’s how the process usually unfolds:
1. Reviewing Medical History
A neurologist will begin by asking about your medical history, including any symptoms you’ve been experiencing, when they began, and how they have progressed. They may also ask about exposure to environmental toxins or family history, as genetic factors can sometimes play a role.
2. Conducting a Neurological Exam
During the exam, the neurologist checks for hallmark PD signs such as:

• Resting tremors (especially in hands)
• Bradykinesia (slowness of movement)
• Muscle rigidity
• Postural instability
• Changes in speech or facial expressions

The presence of two or more of these symptoms, particularly on one side of the body, is a strong indicator.
3. Observing Response to Parkinson’s Medication
Sometimes, a neurologist will prescribe a trial of Parkinson’s medication, such as carbidopa-levodopa. A significant improvement in symptoms after taking the medication is often used as further confirmation of the diagnosis.
4. Imaging Tests (When Needed)
Though not required for diagnosis, imaging such as MRI or DaTscan may be ordered to rule out other neurological conditions or confirm dopamine transporter activity in the brain. However, these tools are more supportive than diagnostic.
5. Consultation With a Movement Disorder Specialist
In complex or uncertain cases, seeing a specialist in movement disorders can provide more clarity. These professionals have extensive experience in differentiating Parkinson’s from other similar conditions.

​Early and accurate diagnosis is key to starting treatments and support systems that help manage symptoms and maintain quality of life.

The Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida: A Lifeline of Support
For over 25 years, the Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida (PASWFL) has been a trusted source of education, empowerment, and connection for individuals and families affected by Parkinson’s and related neurological diseases.
Every week, PASWFL offers more than 25 free programs and support groups, available at no cost to members. These programs are designed to improve quality of life for those living with PD and their care partners.
Membership is completely free, and applying is easy via their website at www.parkinsonassociationswfl.org.

• Click here to sign up for their newsletter
• Click here to join PASWFL as a free member

If you or a loved one are navigating Parkinson’s, know that you are not alone—and help is just a click away

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a complex neurological condition that often presents with a range of symptoms, including tremors, stiffness, slow movement, and balance problems. But what can Parkinson disease be mistaken for?
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​Due to the overlapping symptoms with other disorders, it’s not uncommon for PD to be misdiagnosed, especially in the early stages. Understanding these potential misdiagnoses is important for ensuring accurate treatment and support.

What Can Parkinson Disease Be Mistaken For?
Several other conditions can mimic Parkinson’s disease, making diagnosis a challenge even for experienced neurologists. Here are a few that are most commonly confused with PD:
1. Essential Tremor (ET)
Essential Tremor is one of the most frequently misdiagnosed conditions. While PD tremors often occur at rest, ET usually causes tremors during movement or when holding a posture. ET typically does not involve the slowness of movement (bradykinesia) or stiffness seen in PD.
2. Multiple System Atrophy (MSA)
MSA is a rare, progressive neurodegenerative disorder that shares many features with Parkinson’s disease, such as muscle rigidity and slowness. However, it progresses more rapidly and often involves significant issues with blood pressure regulation and bladder control.
3. Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP)
PSP also mimics PD but tends to involve more balance problems and difficulties with eye movement early in the disease. Individuals with PSP may fall frequently and exhibit stiffness, but they often respond poorly to standard Parkinson’s medications.
4. Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH)
This condition involves an abnormal buildup of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain and can present with walking difficulties, memory issues, and urinary incontinence—symptoms that can sometimes resemble Parkinson’s disease.
5. Corticobasal Degeneration (CBD)
CBD affects one side of the body more severely and often includes symptoms like muscle stiffness, awkward limb posturing, and cognitive decline. Like PSP, it usually does not respond well to PD treatments.
6. Drug-Induced Parkinsonism
Certain medications, particularly antipsychotics and some anti-nausea drugs, can cause Parkinson-like symptoms. Unlike PD, these symptoms may improve or resolve after discontinuing the medication.

Correct diagnosis is essential because treatments vary depending on the underlying condition. A thorough evaluation by a movement disorder specialist—including neurological exams, imaging tests, and medical history—is often necessary for accurate diagnosis and effective care.

Supporting the Parkinson’s Community in Southwest Florida
Whether someone is newly diagnosed or has been living with PD for years, having access to knowledgeable support and reliable resources is key. For over twenty-five years, the Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida (PASWFL) has offered compassionate, effective programs that educate, enrich, and empower individuals and families living with Parkinson’s and related neurological diseases.

PASWFL provides over 25 free weekly programs and support groups tailored for those with PD and their care partners. There are no fees to join, and membership is open to all.

• Click here to sign up for the PASWFL newsletter
• Click here to become a PASWFL member for free

To explore more, visit www.parkinsonassociationswfl.org.

When managing Parkinson’s disease (PD), medication, exercise, and supportive therapies are all crucial elements. However, many individuals also explore nutritional supplements to support brain health and possibly ease symptoms.
​So, what supplements are good for Parkinson’s? While supplements are not a cure, certain nutrients may complement medical treatment and help improve quality of life.

What Supplements Are Good for Parkinson’s?
Parkinson’s disease affects the brain’s ability to produce and use dopamine, a neurotransmitter involved in movement and coordination. While prescription medications like Levodopa remain the foundation of treatment, supplements can help address nutritional deficiencies and oxidative stress, which may contribute to the progression of the disease.

Here are some commonly considered supplements for Parkinson’s:
1. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)
CoQ10 is a powerful antioxidant that helps support mitochondrial function. Some early research suggested it might slow the progression of Parkinson’s, but later studies produced mixed results. Still, many people with PD take it to support overall cellular energy production.
2. Vitamin D
People with Parkinson’s are often deficient in vitamin D, which plays a key role in bone health and immune function. Supplementing with vitamin D can help reduce the risk of falls and fractures—two common concerns in PD.
3. Omega-3 Fatty Acids
Found in fish oil, omega-3 fatty acids are known for their anti-inflammatory properties and benefits for brain and heart health. Some studies suggest omega-3s may help with mood regulation and possibly slow neurodegeneration.
4. Creatine
This supplement, typically associated with sports performance, has been studied for its potential to improve muscle strength and slow the progression of PD. Results have been inconclusive, but some people still find it beneficial as part of a broader health regimen.
5. Vitamin B Complex
B vitamins—particularly B6, B12, and folate—support brain health and help regulate homocysteine levels, an amino acid that may be elevated in people with PD. Maintaining healthy levels of these vitamins may support cognitive function.
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Important note: Always consult with your healthcare provider before starting any supplement. Some may interact with Parkinson’s medications or affect absorption

Comprehensive Support for Living Well with Parkinson’s
Supplements may offer helpful support, but they are just one piece of the puzzle. Programs that address the physical, emotional, and social challenges of Parkinson’s are equally important.

For over twenty-five years, the Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida (PASWFL) has delivered effective programs and services that improve the quality of life for individuals and families touched by PD and related neurological conditions. Each week, PASWFL offers more than 25 free programs and support groups designed for both those living with Parkinson’s and their care partners.
​
There are no fees associated with becoming a member, and it’s easy to join online.

• Click here to sign up for the PASWFL newsletter
• Click here to become a member for free

To explore more resources, visit www.parkinsonassociationswfl.org.

Parkinson’s disease is often described as a neurological disorder that affects movement, but the root of the condition lies deeper—within the complex world of brain chemistry. A key player in this process is dopamine, a chemical messenger that helps control muscle movement, mood, and motivation.
So, the question many people ask is: What does dopamine do in Parkinson’s? The answer is both fascinating and essential to understanding how the disease affects the body and mind.

What Does Dopamine Do in Parkinson’s?
Dopamine is a neurotransmitter produced in a specific area of the brain called the substantia nigra. It plays a critical role in transmitting signals between brain cells that are responsible for coordinating smooth and controlled muscle movements. In a healthy brain, dopamine helps initiate and regulate physical activity, allowing you to move with precision and balance.

In people with Parkinson’s disease, the dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra gradually die off. As these cells deteriorate, dopamine levels in the brain drop significantly—sometimes by as much as 80% before motor symptoms even appear. This dopamine deficiency is what causes the hallmark symptoms of Parkinson’s, such as:

• Tremors
• Muscle stiffness
• Slowness of movement (bradykinesia)
• Balance and coordination problems

Because dopamine also affects mood and cognitive function, its depletion can also lead to depression, anxiety, and memory issues in individuals with Parkinson’s.

Treating Dopamine Deficiency in Parkinson’s
Since the root issue in Parkinson’s is the lack of dopamine, many treatments are designed to either replace dopamine or mimic its effects in the brain. The most well-known treatment is Levodopa (L-DOPA), a medication that converts into dopamine once it reaches the brain. Other medications include dopamine agonists, which stimulate dopamine receptors, and MAO-B inhibitors, which help prevent the breakdown of dopamine.

Although these treatments can significantly improve symptoms, they do not stop or reverse the progression of the disease. That’s why ongoing support and comprehensive care remain essential for people living with Parkinson’s.

Community Support Makes a Difference
Understanding the role of dopamine in Parkinson’s is just one piece of the puzzle. Equally important is having access to educational resources, therapy programs, and emotional support. The Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida (PASWFL) has been providing that support for over twenty-five years.

Each week, PASWFL offers more than 25 free programs and support groups for individuals living with Parkinson’s disease and their care partners. From movement and speech therapy to mental health support and social connection, these services are designed to enhance quality of life and empower families impacted by the disease.
​
There is no cost to become a member, and all services are available to residents of Southwest Florida.

• Click here to sign up for the PASWFL newsletter
• Click here to become a member for free

To learn more, visit www.parkinsonassociationswfl.org.

​Parkinson’s disease is most commonly associated with older adults, but one question that often arises is: “What is the youngest age for Parkinson’s disease?”
​While age is one of the major risk factors, Parkinson’s is not limited to the elderly. It can, in fact, affect much younger individuals—even those under the age of 50.

What Is the Youngest Age for Parkinson’s Disease?
Although Parkinson’s disease typically develops in people over the age of 60, a small percentage of individuals develop symptoms much earlier in life. When Parkinson’s is diagnosed before the age of 50, it is referred to as Young-Onset Parkinson’s Disease (YOPD). The youngest reported cases have been seen in individuals in their teens and twenties, though this is extremely rare.

One of the most well-known examples of early-onset Parkinson’s is actor Michael J. Fox, who was diagnosed at the age of 29. His diagnosis helped bring significant awareness to the fact that Parkinson’s can strike younger individuals and change the narrative around age and diagnosis.
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While YOPD affects only about 5-10% of all Parkinson’s patients, it presents unique challenges. Because it occurs during the prime years of career, family life, and financial responsibility, the emotional and practical impact can be significant. Fortunately, with modern treatment options, many people with YOPD live active, productive lives for many years.

​How Is Early-Onset Parkinson’s Different?
Though the symptoms of YOPD are similar to those of later-onset Parkinson’s, such as tremors, muscle stiffness, slow movement, and balance issues, younger patients may experience slower progression of the disease. They are also more likely to have side effects from certain medications, especially levodopa-induced dyskinesia (involuntary movements).

A diagnosis at a younger age also means a longer duration of living with the condition, which makes access to support networks and long-term care planning even more important.

Support for People of All Ages Living With Parkinson’s
Whether Parkinson’s is diagnosed at 30 or 70, one thing remains constant: support is crucial for maintaining quality of life. The Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida (PASWFL) has been a vital resource for individuals living with Parkinson’s and their care partners for over twenty-five years.
PASWFL provides more than 25 free programs and support groups each week—from movement and speech therapy to education and emotional support. These programs are specifically designed to enrich, empower, and improve the lives of people with Parkinson’s disease and related neurological conditions. There are no fees to become a member, and services are available to residents throughout Southwest Florida.

To become a part of this supportive community:

• Click here to sign up for the PASWFL newsletter
• Click here to join PASWFL for free

For more information, visit www.parkinsonassociationswfl.org.

When someone hears the term "Parkinson’s disease," it may seem like a single, uniform condition. However, the question “Are there two different types of Parkinson’s disease?” often arises, especially as individuals begin to learn more about how it affects people differently.
​
While Parkinson’s disease (PD) itself is classified as a single diagnosis, there are two primary clinical types based on symptoms, which can lead to very different experiences for patients.

Are There Two Different Types of Parkinson’s Disease?
Yes, Parkinson’s disease is often categorized into two main subtypes based on the predominant motor symptoms experienced by the individual:
1. Tremor-Dominant Parkinson’s Disease (TD-PD)
This type is characterized mainly by tremors, especially when the muscles are at rest. People with TD-PD may have mild bradykinesia (slowness of movement) and rigidity, but tremor is the most noticeable and persistent symptom. This form tends to progress more slowly and may respond well to medication for a longer period.
2. Akinetic-Rigid or Postural Instability Gait Difficulty (PIGD) Type
This subtype presents with stiffness (rigidity), balance problems, and difficulty walking. People with this form are more prone to falls and may experience a faster progression of the disease. Unlike tremor-dominant Parkinson’s, PIGD can have a greater impact on daily functioning earlier in the disease course.
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Some individuals may not clearly fit into either category, especially as the disease progresses and symptoms overlap. That’s why understanding Parkinson’s as a spectrum is more accurate, even though these two types help guide treatment and symptom management strategies

Why These Distinctions Matter
Knowing the type of Parkinson’s someone has can help tailor their treatment plan. For example, those with tremor-dominant PD may benefit from different medication dosages or even surgical interventions like Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS), while people with PIGD might need earlier intervention with physical therapy and balance training.

Regardless of type, support and education are essential to managing the disease effectively. That’s where community organizations can play a powerful role.
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Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida: Empowering the Community
The Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida (PASWFL) has been a vital source of support for over twenty-five years, offering comprehensive programs and services to individuals affected by Parkinson’s and related neurological conditions.

Each week, PASWFL provides more than 25 free programs and support groups for people with Parkinson’s and their care partners. These include exercise classes, speech therapy, counseling sessions, and educational seminars—all designed to enhance quality of life and build a supportive community.

Membership is completely free, and all services are accessible to residents across Southwest Florida. Whether newly diagnosed or living with Parkinson’s for years, individuals can find valuable resources, guidance, and connection through PASWFL.

• Click here to sign up for the PASWFL newsletter
• Click here to become a member for free

For more information, visit www.parkinsonassociationswfl.org.

How Quickly Does Parkinson’s Disease Progress?
Parkinson’s disease is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disorder, meaning it worsens over time. However, the speed at which symptoms progress can differ based on several factors including age, overall health, the presence of other conditions, and the specific type of Parkinson’s diagnosed.
​
On average, symptoms tend to develop gradually over 5 to 20 years. Some individuals experience a slow, manageable progression, while others may see more rapid changes. Typically, the disease is broken into five stages:

1. Stage 1: Mild symptoms that usually affect only one side of the body.
2. Stage 2: Symptoms become bilateral (affecting both sides), but balance is still intact.
3. Stage 3: Loss of balance and slower movements appear, increasing the risk of falls.
4. Stage 4: Symptoms become more severe and daily activities may require assistance.
5. Stage 5: Full-time care is usually needed due to significant mobility limitations.

Progression may be slowed through medication, physical activity, speech therapy, and support programs, which help maintain function and improve quality of life.

What Influences the Speed of Progression?
The rate of progression can depend on several variables:

• Age at diagnosis: Older individuals may progress more rapidly.
• Symptom type: People whose first symptom is tremor often have a slower progression than those whose first symptom is postural instability.
• Lifestyle factors: Regular exercise, a healthy diet, and strong social support can positively impact progression.
• Access to care and support: Active participation in therapy and support services can enhance day-to-day function and well-being.

​
Supporting Quality of Life Through Every Stage
Whether you or someone you love is in the early stages of Parkinson’s disease or navigating more advanced symptoms, support is essential. For more than twenty-five years, the Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida (PASWFL) has provided life-changing services and resources for individuals and families affected by Parkinson’s and related neurological diseases.

Each week, PASWFL offers more than 25 free programs and support groups. These include movement and balance classes, voice and speech therapy, caregiver support, and educational seminars. Importantly, there are no fees associated with becoming a member—everyone is welcome.
To become a part of this empowering community and gain access to valuable services:

• Click here to sign up for the PASWFL newsletter
• Click here to join PASWFL for free

For more information, visit www.parkinsonassociationswfl.org.
​

What Is the Best Medication for Parkinson’s Disease?
The most well-known and commonly prescribed medication for Parkinson’s disease is Levodopa (also known as L-DOPA), often combined with Carbidopa. Levodopa is considered the gold standard for managing Parkinson’s symptoms because it directly addresses the dopamine deficiency in the brain—dopamine being the chemical that Parkinson’s disease gradually reduces.

Carbidopa is added to prevent Levodopa from breaking down in the bloodstream before reaching the brain. This combination helps reduce side effects like nausea and enhances the effectiveness of the medication.

Other important classes of medications include:

• Dopamine agonists (e.g., Pramipexole, Ropinirole): These mimic dopamine activity in the brain and are sometimes used in early stages or alongside Levodopa in more advanced stages.
• MAO-B inhibitors (e.g., Selegiline, Rasagiline): These block the breakdown of dopamine in the brain, helping to prolong its effects.
• COMT inhibitors (e.g., Entacapone): These are often added to Levodopa therapy to extend its duration and reduce “off” times.
• Anticholinergics and Amantadine: These may help with tremors or reduce medication-induced dyskinesias (involuntary movements).

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While Levodopa remains the most effective medication overall, the best treatment plan depends on the individual's symptoms, age, lifestyle, and response to medication. Neurologists often adjust combinations and dosages over time to optimize results.

A Personalized Approach Is Key
Parkinson’s is a complex and evolving condition. What works well for one person may not be ideal for another. That’s why a neurologist or movement disorder specialist is essential for tailoring medication to a patient’s specific needs.
​
Regular follow-ups are crucial, as symptoms can change and side effects may emerge. Some people may also benefit from non-pharmacological treatments, such as physical therapy, occupational therapy, or even deep brain stimulation (DBS) in advanced cases.

Support from the Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida
Medication is only part of the journey. Emotional, social, and educational support plays a major role in improving quality of life. For more than twenty-five years, the Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida (PASWFL) has been a dedicated resource for those living with PD in the region.

Each week, PASWFL offers more than 25 free programs and support groups for people with Parkinson’s and their care partners. These include movement classes, speech therapy, caregiver support, and more. There are no fees to join, and the support is both life-changing and empowering.
​
To learn more and become part of this supportive community:

• Click here to sign up for their free newsletter
• Click here to become a free member

Visit www.parkinsonassociationswfl.org for details about services and upcoming events.

When it comes to neurological disorders, terms can often be confusing—especially when they sound so similar. One of the most frequently asked questions is: “What is the difference between Parkinson's disease and Parkinson's syndrome?” While both involve similar symptoms, understanding the distinction is key to accurate diagnosis, effective treatment, and better long-term outcomes.

What Is the Difference Between Parkinson's Disease and Parkinson's Syndrome?
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a specific, chronic, and progressive neurological disorder. It occurs when dopamine-producing neurons in a part of the brain called the substantia nigra begin to deteriorate. The result is a group of symptoms known as motor symptoms—tremors, stiffness, slowness of movement, and balance problems—along with a range of non-motor symptoms such as sleep disturbances, depression, and cognitive changes.

Parkinson’s syndrome, also referred to as Parkinsonism, is a broader term that encompasses a group of neurological conditions that cause movement symptoms similar to those seen in Parkinson's disease. These symptoms may include tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), and postural instability. However, Parkinsonism has multiple causes, and not all of them are due to the loss of dopamine-producing neurons.

Some common forms of Parkinson’s syndrome include:

• Multiple System Atrophy (MSA)
• Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP)
• Corticobasal Degeneration (CBD)
• Drug-induced Parkinsonism
• Vascular Parkinsonism

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The main difference lies in the cause and progression of the symptoms. Parkinson’s disease is idiopathic (no known cause) and typically progresses more slowly and predictably. In contrast, atypical Parkinsonian syndromes (types of Parkinson’s syndrome) may progress more rapidly, respond less favorably to medications like Levodopa, and present with additional symptoms such as early balance problems or eye movement abnormalities.

Why This Distinction Matters
Understanding whether a person has Parkinson’s disease or another form of Parkinsonism is important for treatment planning and long-term care. Parkinson’s disease often responds well to dopamine replacement therapy, whereas atypical Parkinsonian syndromes may not. Early and accurate diagnosis by a neurologist or movement disorder specialist can help patients and families manage expectations and seek appropriate support.

Support for All Affected: Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida
Whether you or a loved one is living with Parkinson’s disease or another form of Parkinsonism, support is vital. For over twenty-five years, the Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida (PASWFL) has provided comprehensive support, education, and empowerment for individuals in Southwest Florida affected by Parkinson's and related neurological conditions.
Each week, PASWFL offers over 25 free programs and support groups tailored for members living with PD and their care partners. These programs focus on movement, speech, emotional support, and community connection.

Membership is free, and becoming part of this active community is as easy as filling out an online form.​

• ​​Click here to sign up for the free PASWFL newsletter
• Click here to become a free member

For more information, visit www.parkinsonassociationswfl.org.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurological condition that affects millions of people worldwide. One common and important question asked by those newly diagnosed—or those with a family history of the disease—is: "Is Parkinson's disease hereditary?" Understanding the role genetics plays in PD can help individuals and families better navigate risks, treatments, and support options.

​Is Parkinson's Disease Hereditary?
The short answer is: sometimes, but not always. While Parkinson’s disease can be hereditary, most cases are not directly inherited.

About 10–15% of people with Parkinson’s have a family history of the disease. In these cases, genetic mutations—such as changes in the LRRK2, PARK7, PINK1, PRKN, and SNCA genes—can be passed down from parent to child, potentially increasing the risk of developing PD.

However, the vast majority of Parkinson’s cases are considered sporadic, meaning they occur in people with no known family history or inherited genetic mutation. This suggests that a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors—such as exposure to pesticides or head trauma—may contribute to the development of Parkinson’s.
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In other words, having a relative with Parkinson’s does not guarantee that you will develop the condition, but it may slightly increase your risk. Likewise, many people with Parkinson’s do not have any known genetic link at all.

What Can You Do if Parkinson’s Runs in Your Family?
If you have a family history of Parkinson’s, it’s natural to feel concerned. Fortunately, there are proactive steps you can take:

• Genetic counseling: A genetic counselor can help assess your personal risk and discuss the pros and cons of genetic testing.
• Healthy lifestyle: Regular exercise, a balanced diet, and cognitive stimulation may lower your overall risk.
• Stay informed: Being aware of the early signs of Parkinson’s—such as tremors, slowed movement, or stiffness—can lead to earlier diagnosis and better management.

Whether or not your case is hereditary, having a strong support system makes a big difference in living well with Parkinson’s.

PASWFL: Empowering Families and Individuals Living with PD
For more than twenty-five years, the Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida (PASWFL) has been a trusted community resource for those touched by Parkinson’s disease and related neurological conditions. Their mission is to improve quality of life, educate, enrich, and empower individuals and care partners throughout Southwest Florida.

Each week, PASWFL offers over 25 free programs and support groups to help individuals with PD live well. These include exercise classes, support groups, wellness education, and more. Best of all, there are no fees to join—their mission is fueled by compassion and community, not cost.
​
If you or a loved one is living with Parkinson’s, you’re not alone. Support, education, and empowerment are just a click away.

• Click here to sign up for PASWFL’s free e-newsletter
• Click here to become a free member today

To learn more, visit www.parkinsonassociationswfl.org

In the context of healthcare, caregiving, and chronic illness management, the term pervasive support often arises—but what does it truly mean? Understanding the concept of pervasive support can shine a light on why continuous, comprehensive assistance is vital for those navigating long-term conditions like Parkinson’s disease (PD).

What Is Pervasive Support?
Pervasive support refers to ongoing, all-encompassing assistance that touches every aspect of a person's life—emotionally, physically, socially, and functionally. Rather than focusing on a single issue or stage of a disease, pervasive support is integrated and adaptive, evolving with the individual’s needs over time. It ensures that people not only survive but thrive, with a network that sustains them through the ups and downs of their condition.
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This kind of support goes beyond occasional check-ins or isolated therapies. It means being there consistently—with education, resources, companionship, wellness programs, and tools for empowerment. For people living with Parkinson’s disease, pervasive support can make the difference between isolation and connection, between decline and hope.

Why Is Pervasive Support Important for Parkinson’s?
Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurological disorder that affects movement, balance, and other vital functions. But it doesn’t stop there—it also impacts mood, cognition, relationships, and daily life. Because the challenges are so broad and long-lasting, pervasive support becomes essential.
The best support systems include:

• Medical care tailored to Parkinson’s progression
• Educational programs that inform patients and caregivers
• Movement classes to promote strength, flexibility, and coordination
• Support groups to offer emotional connection and reduce isolation
• Caregiver resources that sustain those helping behind the scenes

This multifaceted approach ensures that no one falls through the cracks—and that both individuals with PD and their care partners feel seen, understood, and uplifted.

PASWFL: A Model of Pervasive Support in Action
The Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida (PASWFL) embodies the principle of pervasive support. For over twenty-five years, PASWFL has delivered effective programs and services that improve the quality of life, educate, enrich, and empower Southwest Floridians touched by PD and related neurological diseases.

Each week, PASWFL offers more than 25 free programs and support groups specifically designed for members with Parkinson’s and their care partners. These range from exercise classes and wellness workshops to emotional support groups and educational seminars. The programs are completely free, and becoming a member is quick and easy.
​
If you're living with Parkinson’s or caring for someone who is, consider tapping into this powerful network of pervasive support.

• Click here to sign up for PASWFL’s free newsletter
• Click here to become a member for free

To learn more, visit www.parkinsonassociationswfl.org

Exercise plays a crucial role in managing Parkinson’s disease (PD), helping to maintain mobility, improve mood, and enhance overall quality of life. But what is the best exercise for Parkinson’s disease? While there’s no single solution that fits everyone, research and patient experience suggest that a mix of targeted physical activity tailored to the needs of those with PD offers the greatest benefit.

What Is the Best Exercise for Parkinson’s Disease?
The best exercise for Parkinson’s disease is one that addresses both motor and non-motor symptoms, supports balance and coordination, and can be sustained regularly. A combination of aerobic activity, resistance training, and flexibility exercises tends to deliver the best results. Below are some top-recommended exercises for people living with PD:
1. Aerobic Exercises
Cardiovascular workouts like walking, cycling, swimming, or dancing increase heart rate and improve endurance. These activities help reduce fatigue and improve brain health by encouraging dopamine production—critical in Parkinson’s.
2. Balance and Coordination Training
Tai Chi and yoga are gentle yet powerful exercises that enhance balance, flexibility, and posture. Both have been shown to reduce fall risk and improve stability—key concerns for those with PD.
3. Strength Training
Using light weights or resistance bands helps build muscle strength, which in turn supports better mobility and reduces stiffness. Even simple bodyweight exercises, like squats or wall push-ups, can be effective.
4. Stretching and Flexibility
Stretching improves range of motion and reduces muscle rigidity. Daily routines focusing on the neck, shoulders, hips, and legs can ease movement and decrease discomfort.
5. Functional and Task-Specific Exercises
Practicing real-life movements like standing from a chair, stepping sideways, or walking in different patterns can significantly help with everyday mobility.
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​The key is consistency. Engaging in 30 to 60 minutes of exercise most days of the week, under the guidance of a trained therapist or within a supportive community setting, makes a significant difference over time.

Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida: Your Partner in Movement
If you or a loved one is living with Parkinson’s disease in Southwest Florida, you don’t have to navigate this journey alone. For over twenty-five years, the Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida (PASWFL) has been a pillar of support for individuals and families affected by PD and related neurological conditions.

PASWFL offers more than 25 free programs and support groups each week, many of which focus on movement and exercise specifically designed for people with Parkinson’s. These include yoga, balance classes, stretching sessions, and more—all provided free of charge. Becoming a member is easy, and there are no fees involved.  Visit www.parkinsonassociationswfl.org for more information.
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To get involved and take advantage of these resources:

• Click here to sign up for PASWFL’s free newsletter
• Click here to become a free member

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most prevalent neurological disorders in the world, yet many people are surprised to learn just how widespread it is. So, how common is Parkinson’s? The answer reveals the significance of awareness, early detection, and community support for those affected.

​Parkinson’s disease affects more than 10 million people worldwide, with approximately 1 million of those individuals living in the United States. It is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, following Alzheimer’s. Each year, around 90,000 new cases are diagnosed in the U.S. alone, and that number is expected to increase as the population ages.

The likelihood of developing Parkinson’s rises with age, and it most often begins around the age of 60 or older. However, young-onset Parkinson’s, which affects individuals under the age of 50, accounts for about 5-10% of all cases. Men are also about 1.5 times more likely than women to be diagnosed with PD.
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With such a large and growing population affected by the disease, Parkinson’s isn’t rare—and it touches nearly every community, including here in Southwest Florida.

Why Awareness Matters
Even though millions live with Parkinson’s, it often goes underdiagnosed or is mistaken for other conditions, especially in its early stages. Common symptoms like tremors, stiffness, or slowness of movement can be subtle or attributed to aging. But early diagnosis and intervention can make a major difference in managing symptoms and maintaining quality of life.

Because Parkinson’s is progressive, it affects not just movement but also mood, sleep, digestion, and more over time. That’s why education and access to resources are so important for both individuals and their caregivers.

A Community Resource: Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida
Organizations like the Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida (PASWFL) are leading the charge in improving lives for people with PD. For over twenty-five years, PASWFL has provided effective programs and services that improve the quality of life, educate, enrich, and empower Southwest Floridians living with Parkinson’s and other related neurological conditions.

Each week, PASWFL offers more than 25 free programs and support groups tailored to the needs of both individuals with Parkinson’s and their care partners. These include wellness 
classes, educational workshops, support groups, and more—helping people stay active, informed, and supported in their journey.

Importantly, there are no fees associated with becoming a member. The goal is to make support and connection accessible to all.

Ready to Learn More or Get Involved?

• Click here to sign up for the free PASWFL newsletter
• Click here to join PASWFL for free and become part of the community

To explore programs, services, and more, visit www.parkinsonassociationswfl.org.