What Are the Five Stages of Parkinson’s Disease? A Clear Guide for Patients and Families

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurological condition, meaning symptoms change over time. To help patients and clinicians understand how Parkinson’s typically progresses, doctors often reference the five stages of Parkinson’s disease, also known as the Hoehn and Yahr scale. While everyone’s experience with PD is unique, these stages offer a helpful framework for planning care, treatment, and support.

Here’s what many people don’t realize…
​The stages of Parkinson’s are not a timeline or a prediction. Some people remain in early stages for many years, while others may move more quickly. Knowing the stages isn’t about fear — it’s about preparation, empowerment, and living well at every phase. Keep reading to learn why.

Stage 1: Mild Symptoms on One Side of the Body
In Stage 1, symptoms are typically mild and may affect only one side of the body. Common signs include:

• Slight tremor
• Changes in posture or facial expression
• Mild stiffness or slowness

Daily activities are usually unaffected, and symptoms may go unnoticed by others.

Stage 2: Symptoms Affect Both Sides
Stage 2 symptoms appear on both sides of the body, though balance is usually still intact. People may experience:

• Increased tremor or rigidity
• Slower movement
• Difficulty with fine motor tasks
• Changes in speech or facial expression

Daily tasks may take longer, but individuals often remain independent.

Stage 3: Balance Becomes Affected
Stage 3 marks a turning point in Parkinson’s progression. Balance and coordination become more noticeably affected, increasing the risk of falls. Symptoms may include:

• Postural instability
• Slower movement
• Greater difficulty with daily activities

Despite these challenges, many people in Stage 3 continue to live independently with appropriate support and therapy.

Stage 4: Increased Disability, But Still Able to Walk
In Stage 4, symptoms are more severe and limiting. Individuals may:

• Require help with daily activities
• Experience significant rigidity and slowness
• Still be able to walk or stand with assistance

Support from caregivers and adaptive tools becomes increasingly important.

Stage 5: Advanced Parkinson’s Disease
Stage 5 is the most advanced stage of Parkinson’s disease. Symptoms may include:

• Severe movement limitations
• Difficulty standing or walking
• Increased risk of complications

Full-time assistance is typically required, but quality of life can still be supported through proper care, therapy, and emotional support.

Why Understanding the Stages Matters
Knowing the stages of Parkinson’s helps individuals and families:

• Anticipate changes
• Make informed care decisions
• Access appropriate therapies early
• Focus on quality of life at every stage

Importantly, stages do not define a person — Parkinson’s progression is highly individual.

Why Support Matters
A diagnosis of any form of Parkinson’s can feel overwhelming. But with the right support and resources, individuals can maintain independence, quality of life, and emotional well-being.

For resources, referrals, and support in navigating Parkinson’s and related conditions, contact the Parkinson’s Association of Southwest Florida (PASWFL) at www.paswfl.org or call 239-417-3465.
For over 25 years, PASWFL has provided free, high-quality services and programs to individuals and families touched by Parkinson’s disease in Southwest Florida. Their goal is simple: help people live well with PD, regardless of where they are in their journey.

Each week, PASWFL offers more than 25 free programs, including:

• Wellness and fitness classes
• Speech exercise classes
• Educational seminars
• Support for care partners
• Support groups

There are no fees to become a member, and PASWFL welcomes anyone touched by PD.

Take the First Step Toward Living Well
If you suspect early Parkinson’s or have been recently diagnosed, you don’t have to face it alone.
👉 Sign up for the PASWFL newsletter: https://parkinsonassociationswfl.org/signup-enews.html
👉 Become a free, confidential member: https://parkinsonassociationswfl.org/signup.html
To learn more, visit www.paswfl.org and discover the power of support, education, and community.